வணிகவியல் பாடம் 4.நிறுமம் 1

 4 - epWkk; I

gFjp -m

I. rhpahd tpiliaj; Njh;e;njLj;J vOJf.

1. xU $l;Lg; gq;F epWkj;ij gjpT nra;jy;

m) fl;lhakhf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ           M) epWkj;jpd; tpUg;gj;jpw;Fl;gl;Ls;sJ

,) nghJ tiuaiw epWkj;ijg; nghWj;jtiu fl;lhak;> jdp epWkj;ijg; nghWj;jtiu mjd; tpUg;gj;jpw;Fl;gl;lJ.      <) nghJ tiuaiw epWkj;jpd; tpUg;gj;jpw;F cl;lgl;ljy;y. jdp tiaiw epWkj;jpw;F fl;lhakhf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

2. nghJ tiuaiw epWkj;jpy; Fiwe;j msT cWg;gpdu;fspd; vz;zpf;if

m) 2            M) 3            ,) 7       <) 10

3. jdp tiuaiw epWkj;jpy; gq;Fjhuupd; nghWg;G

m) gq;Ffspd; nrYj;jg;ngw;w kjpg;gsthFk;   M) gq;Ffs; kPJ nrYj;jg;ngwhjpUf;Fk; kjpg;gsthFk; ,) jdpg;gl;l nrhj;Jf;fspd; msthFk;          <) gq;Ffspd; kPJ Nfhug;gl;l njhifasthFk;.

4. jdp tiuaiw epWkk; xd;W

m) njhopy; $l;LUthf;fr; rhd;wpjo; ngw;wTld; M) njhopy; njhlf;fr; rhd;wpjo; ngw;wTld;,) gjpthsuplkpUe;J jhd; Nju;e;njLj;Js;s epWkg; ngaUf;F xg;Gjy; fpilj;jTld; <) gjpthsuplk; epWk; mikg;Gf;Fupa midj;J Mtzq;fisAk; jhf;fy; nra;j gpd;du; njhopy; njhlq;fyhk;.

5. epWkk; xd;wpd; tho;Tf;fhyk;; KbTf;F tUtJ vg;nghOJ vdpy;

m) mjd; Njhw;Wtpg;ghsu;fs; midtUk; ,we;jTld; M) mjd; ,af;Feuitapy; cs;s ,af;Feu;fs; midtUk; ,we;jTld;         ,) Kjypy; ,Ue;j kpfTk; mjpfkhd cWg;gpdu;fs; jq;fs; gq;Ffis gpwUf;F khw;wpf; nfhLj;J tpl;lhy;   <) Nkw;nrhd;d vr;R+o;epiyapYk; KbTf;F tuhJ.

6. epWkq;fs; rl;lj;jpy; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s ml;ltiz A vd;gJ

m) epfo;r;rpf; Fwpg;Ngl;bd; khjpup       M) ,Ug;Gepiyf;Fwpg;gpd; khjpup

,) epWkr; nray;Kiw tpjpfspd; khjpup       <) epWk mikg;G KiwNal;bd; khjpup.

7. xU epWkj;jpd; nray;ghl;L vy;iyia fPo;fz;l Mtzq;fSs; vJ czu;j;JfpwJ.

m) epWkj;jpd; mikg;G KiwNaL           M) epWkr; nray;tpjpfs;

,) jftywpf;if                   <) rl;lKiw cWjp tpsk;gy;

8. fPo;fz;ltw;Ws; vJ ehlhSkd;w my;yJ khepyr; rl;lkd;wq;fs; ,aw;wpa rl;lj;jpd;%yk; cUthf;fg;gLfpwJ.

m) gl;la epWkk; M) may;ehl;L epWkk; ,) muR epWkk; <) rl;lKiw epWkk;

9. fPo;fz;l epWkq;fSs; vJ gjpthsuplk; jftywpf;iff;F khw;wwpf;fif jhf;fy; nra;aNtz;Lk;?

m) gq;F ntspaPL %yk; nghJkf;fsplkpUe;J gq;F Kjy; jpul;Lk; xU nghJ tiuaiw epWkk;.     M) jd; ,af;Fdh;fs; kw;Wk; md;dhupd; cwtpdh;fsplkpUe;J Kjy; njhifiaj; jpul;l Vw;ghL nra;jpUf;Fk; xU tiuaiw epWkk; ,) xU jdptiuaiw epWkk; <) Nkw;nrhd;d midj;J epWkq;fSNk.

10. jftywpf;ifapy; Fwpg;gpl;bUf;Fk; Fiwe;jsT gq;nfLg;igf; fPo;fz;l ehl;fSf;Fs;xU nghJ epWkk; ngw Ntz;Lk;.

m) 90 ehl;fs;          M) 120 ehl;fs;         ,) 130 ehl;fs;    <) 60 ehl;fs;

11. Kd;Dupikg; gq;F Kd;Dupik ngw;wpUg;gJ

m) gq;fhjhak; ngWtjpYk;     M) epWkk; fiyg;gpw;Fs;shfp Kjy; njhifia jpUg;gpj; jUk;nghOJ kl;Lk; ,) thf;Fupikiar; nrYj;JtJ <) gq;fhjhak; ngWtjpYk;> epWkf; fiyg;gpd; nghOJk;> gq;FKjiy jpUk;gg; ngWtjpYk;

12. gq;F xWg;gpog;G nra;af; fhuzk;

m) epWkj;jpw;F nrYj;j Ntz;ba fld; njhifia nrYj;j kWj;jy; M) njhlu;e;J epWkj;jpd; Mz;Lg; nghJf; $l;lq;fspy; fye;J nfhs;shkypUg;gJ

,) miog;Gg; gzj;ijr; nrYj;j jtWtJ

<) Mz;Lg; nghJf; $l;lj;jpy; td;Kiwr; nray;fspy; <LgLtJ.

13. gq;Ffis js;Sgbapy;  ntspapl;bUf;Fk; NghJ gq;nfhd;wpd; Kfkjpg;G &. 100 vdpy;mDkjpf;fg;gLk;  cau;e;jsT tl;lk;.

m)  &. 5        M) &.10         ,) &. 20    <) &. 15

14. xU epWkj;jpd; fldPl;Lg; gj;jpujhuu;fs; vd;ghu;> mjd;

m) fldhsu;fs;    M)cWg;gpdh;fs;    ,) fld; thbf;ifah;     <) epWkj;jpy; fld;

15. fPo;f;fz;l #o;piyfSs; vg;nghOJ fldPl;Lg; gj;jpujhuu;fs;  tl;b ngWk; chpikngw;Ws;sdh;?

m) epWkk; ,yhgk; <l;Lk; nghOJ kl;Lk;           M) gq;Fjhuh;fs; gq;fhjhak; ngWk;nghOJ ,) el;lk; Vw;gLk; Mz;L cl;gl ve;j Mz;bYk; <) Nkw;nrhd;d midj;J R+o;epiyfspYk;

16. . . . . . . vd;gJ rl;lk; cUthf;fpa egu;

m) jdpegu; tzpfk;           M) $l;lhz;ik   

,) $l;Lg; gq;F epWkk;        <) ,e;Jf; $l;Lf;FLk;gk;

17. jdp epWkj;jpy; mjpfgl;r cWg;gpdu;fs; vz;zpf;if

m) 7      M) 50 (jw;nghOJ  my;yJ Ke;ija Copau; ePq;fshf)    ,) tuk;G ,y;iy

18. Fiwe;jsT gq;nfLg;G jftywpf;if ntspapl;l ehspypUe;J . . . . .ehl;fSf;Fs; ngwNtz;Lk;.

m) 10           M) 90           ,) 30            <) 60

19. epWkj;jp;;y; ,af;Feu;fis Nju;e;njLg;gJ

m) fldPe;Njhu;fs; M) fldhspfs;    ,) fldPl;Lg; gj;jpujhuu;fs;      <) gq;Fjhuu;fs;

20. epWkk; jdJ gq;FfisNah my;yj fld; gj;jpuq;fisNah thq;f nghJ kf;fismiof;f  ntspapLk; Mtzk;

m) nray;Kiw tpjpfs;        M) mikg;G KiwNaL  

,) jftywpf;if              <) gq;F tpz;zg;gk;.

II. Nfhbl;l ,lq;fis epug;Gf.

1. xU nghJ tiuaiw epWkj;jpy; Fiwe;jsT ,Uf;f Ntz;ba cWg;gpdu;fspd; vz;zpf;if ...........

2. nghWg;GWjpahy; tiuaWf;fg;gl;l  epWkk; xd;wpd; cWg;gpdUila nghWg;G ......................

3. jdp tiuaW epWknkhd;wpy; Fiwe;jsT cWg;gpdu;fspd; vz;zpf;if ......................

4. xU epWkj;jpy; nrYj;jg;ngw;w gq;FKjypy; 51 tpOf;fhl;bw;Ff; Fiwahky;> xU khepy muR itj;jpUf;Fkhdhy; mJ ......................epWkkhFk;.

5. jdf;nfd;W jdpahdnjhU nray;Kiw tpjpfis tFj;Jf; nfhs;sj; Njitapy;yhj epWkk; ......................epWkkhFk;.

6. xU epWkj;jpd; mf Nkyhz;ik Fwpj;j tptuq;fs; mlq;fpapUg;gJ ......................

7. xU nghJ tiuaW epWkk; jdJ fldPl;Lg; gj;jpuq;fis thq;FkhW nghJkf;fSf;F miog;G tpLk; tpsk;guj;jpw;Fg; ngau; ......................

8. epYitapy; cs;s gq;fhjhak; ngw cupikAs;s Kd;Dupikg; gq;Ffs; ......................vd miof;fg;gLfpwd;wd.

9. tof;fkhf ngwf;$ba epiyahd tPjg; gq;fhjhaj;Jld;> $Ljy; gq;fhjhak; ngw cupikAs;s gq;Ffs; ......................gq;Ffs; vd miof;fg;gLk;

10. jdp tiuaW epWkj;jpy; Fiwe;jJ ......................,af;Feu;fshtJ ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.

11. jFjpg; gq;Ffspd; nkhj;j ,ay;G ...................... &gha;f;F kpff; $lhJ.

12. &.6>000 ,ay;kjpg;Gila gq;Ffis ntspapl;bUf;Fk; epWkj;jpy; xU ,af;Feu; itj;jpUf;f Ntz;ba jFjpg; gq;Ffspd; vz;zpf;if  ......................

13. gq;Feu;fs; epWkj;jpd; cz;ikahd  ......................

14. jdp tiuaW epWkj;jpy; Fiwe;jsT cWg;gpdu; vz;zpf;if  ......................

15. jdp tiuaW epWkj;jp;y; Fiwe;jJ ......................,af;Feu;fshtJ ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.

16. epWkj;jpd; KjyhtJ ,af;Feh;fs; tof;fkhf ......................,y; ngahplg;gLk;.

17. gq;Ffs; ......................chpikiaf; Fwpf;Fk;.

18. epYitapYs;s gq;fhjhak; ngw chpikAs;s Kd;Dhpik gq;Ffs; ..................vd miof;fg;gLk;.

19. tof;fkhf ngwf;$ba epiyahd tPjg; gq;fhjhaj;Jld; $Ljy; gq;fhjhak; ngw cupikapy;yh gq;Ffs; ...................... gq;Ffs; MFk;.

20. epWkj;jpd; midj;Jj; jPh;khdq;fs; kPJk; thf;fspf;Fk; chpik ....... gq;Feh;fl;F cz;L.

21. gq;Fr; rhd;wpjo; gq;Fjhuhpd; ........................f; Fwpf;Fk;.

tpilfs;

I.1. fl;lhakhf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ: 2. 7: 3. gq;Ffs; kPJ nrYj;jg; ngwhjpUf;Fk; kjpg;gsthFk;:4. njhopy; $l;LUthf;fr; rhd;wpjo; ngw;wTld; njhopy; njhlq;fyhk;: 5. Nkw;nrhd;d vr;R+o;epiyapYk; KbTf;F tuhJ: 6. epWkr; nray;Kiw tpjpfspd; khjpup: 7. epWkj;jpd; mikg;G KiwNaL: 8. rl;;lKiw epWkk;:         9. jd; ,af;Feu;fs; kw;Wk; md;dhupd; cwtpd;fsplkpUe;J Kjy; njhifiaj; jpul;l Vw;ghL nra;jpUf;Fk; xU nghJ tiuaiw epWkk;: 10. 90 ehl;fs;: 11. gq;fhjhak; ngWtjpYk; epWkk; fiyg;gpd; nghOJ gq;F Kjiyj; jpUk;gg; ngWtjpYk;: 12. miog;Gg; gzj;ij nrYj;jj; jtWtJ: 13. &. 10:    14. fldhsu;fs;: 15. el;lk; Vw;gLk; Mz;L cl;gl ve;j Mz;bYk;: 16. $l;Lg; gq;F epWkk;: 17. 50 (jw;NghJ my;yJ Ke;ija Copau; ePq;fshf): 18. 90: 19.gq;Feu;fs;:   20. jftywpf;if

II.1. VO: 2. tiuaWf;fg;gl;lJ: 3. ,uz;L: 4. muR: 5. nghJ: 6. nray;Kiw tpjpfs;: 7. jftywpf;if: 8.Ftp Kd;Dupikg; gq;Ffs;: 9. vQ;rpa ,yhgj;jpy; gq;F ngWk; Kd;Dupik: 10. ,uz;L: 11. Ie;jhapuk;: 12. xd;W: 13. cupikahsu;fs;;: 14. ,uz;L: 15. ,uz;L: 16. nray;Kiw tpjpfs;: 17. clik: 18. Ftp Kd;Dupikg; gq;Ffs;: 19.vQ;rpa ,yhgj;jpy; gq;Nfw;fh Kd;Dupikg; gq;Ffs;: 20. Neu;ik: 21) chpik

gFjp - M

1. jdp tiuaiw epWkk; tiutpyf;fzk; jUf? (VNjDk; 3 kl;Lk;)

     jdp tiuaW epWkk; vd;gJ mjd;  nrYj;jg;gl;l Kjypy; xU yl;rj;jpw;F Fiwtpy;yhky; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.

1. ,e;epWkj;ij Jtq;f Fiwe;jJ 2 egu;fSk;> mjpfgl;rkhf 50 egh;fSf;F kpfhkYk; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. (fle;j my;yJ jw;NghJ gzpapYs;s cWg;gpdu;fs; ePq;fshf).

2.  epWkj;jpw;F gq;F ,Ue;jhy; mtw;iw khw;wpf; nfhLf;f chpik ,y;iy.

3. nghJ kf;fis gq;Ffs; thq;fr; nrhy;yp jftywpf;if ntspaplj;  jil  tpjpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

4. gq;F khw;wj;jpw;F jiltpjpf;fg; gl;Ls;sJ.

5. epWkj;jpd; ngah; jdp tiuaW epwkk; vd Kba Ntz;Lk;.

2. xg;GWjp epWkk; vd;why; vd;d?

epWkj;ijf; fiyf;Fk;; NghJ my;yJ flidj; jPh;f;Fk; NghJ NghJkhd nrhj;Jf;fs; ,y;iynadpy;> jhNd Kd; te;J jUtjhf cWjp mspj;Js;s njhif mstpw;F kl;Lk;> gq;Fehpd; nghWg;G ve;j epWkj;jpy; tiuaWf;fg;gl;Ls;sNjh me;j epWkNk xg;GWjp epWkk; MFk;.,e;epWkj;jpy; gq;FKjy; ,Uf;fyhk;> my;yJ gq;FKjy; ,d;wpAk;  nray;glyhk;.

3. muR epWkk; vd;why; vd;d?

     xU epWkj;jpd; nrYj;jg;gl;l gq;F Kjypy; 51%k;  kj;jpa muNrh> khepy muNrh (m) kj;jpa khepy muNrh ngw;wpUe;jhy; mJ muR epWkk; MFk;.

v.fh:

     1. ngy;   

     2. nra;;y;

4. mikg;G Kiw Vl;by; ,l mikg;G $W ahJ nrhy;yg;gl;bUf;Fk;?

     ,g;gphptpy; epWkj;jpd; gjpT mYtyfk; mike;Js;s khepyj;jpd; ngaiuf; Fwpg;gpl Ntz;Lk;. ,e;j epWkk;> gjpT mYtyfk; mike;Js;s khepyj;jpw;Fs; mike;jpUe;jhy; epWkj;jpd; cz;ik Kfthp Fwpg;gplj; Njit ,y;iy.

5. epWkr; nray;Kiwfspy; vit Fwpj;J Fwpg;gplg;gl;bUf;Fk;?

      ,J epWkj;jpd; cs; Nkyhz;ikf;Fj; Njitahd Mf;fr; nray;ghL Fwpj;j tpjp KiwfisAk;> xOq;F KiwfisAk;> cs;slf;fp ,Uf;Fk;. ,J epWkj;jpw;F Kf;fpak; tha;e;j MtzkhFk;.

6. ve;Nehf;fq;fSf;fhf gq;Ffs; xWg;gpog;G nra;ag;gLfpd;wd?

     gq;Feh;fs; miog;Gg; gzj;ijr; nrYj;jhj NghJ mtu;fspd;  gq;Ffs; kPjhd chpikia ,of;fr; nra;Ak; Nehf;Fld; xWg;gpog;G nra;ag;gLfpwJ. ,jdhy; gq;if itj;jpUe;jtu; cWg;gpdu; vd;Dk; jFjpia ,oe;J tpLfpwhu;.

    

7. FWkg; gq;nfhg;gk; ngwtpy;iynadpy; vd;d tpisT Vw;gLk;?

     jftywpf;ifapy; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;s Fiwe;j msT gq;nfLg;Gj; njhifia 90 ehl;fSf;Fs; nuhf;fkhfg; ngwhj nghOJ ,af;Fduit gq;Ffis xJf;fPL nra;jy; $lhJ. ngw;w tpz;zg;gj; njhifia tpz;zg;gjhuUf;Fj; jpUg;gp mDg;gp tpLjy; Ntz;Lk;.

8. fldPl;Lg; gj;jpuk; tiutpyf;fzk; jUf?

     xU epWkk; jhd; ngw;w flid xg;Gf; nfhs;Sk; tifapy; fld; nfhLj;jtUf;F mspf;Fk; gj;jpuNk  fldPl;Lg; gj;jpuk; MFk;.

     mjhtJ epWkk; jhd; ngw;w flid xg;Gf; nfhs;s tif nra;Ak; MtzNk fldPl;Lg; gj;jpuk; MFk;.

9. tiuaW nghWg;G vd;why; vd;d?

     nghJthf gq;Feu;fspd; nrYj;jg; ngwhj gq;Fj; njhif mstpw;F kl;LNk nghWg;Gfs; tiuaWf;fg;gl;bUe;jhy; mJ tiuaW nghWg;ghFk;.

v  gq;Feh; KO njhifia nrYj;jpapUe;jhy; mtUf;F nghWg;G ,y;iy.

v  gq;Feu; KOj; njhifiar; nrYj;jhj NghJ> nrYj;j ngwhj njhiff;F mth; nghWg;ghfpwhh;.

10. gq;F Kidkk; vd;why; vd;d?

     Kf kjpg;G tpiyiatpl ntspaPl;L tpiy mjpfkhf ,Ue;jhy;  mJ Kidkj;jpy; ntspapLjy; vdg;gLk;. Kfkjpg;G tpiyia tpl $Ljyhf cs;s ntspaPl;L tpiyNa gq;F Kidkk; MFk;.

v.fh.: 100 &gha; Kfkjpg;Gila gq;Ffis &.110f;F ntspapl;lhy; &.10 Kidkk; MFk;.

11. FtpT Kd;Dhpikg; gq;Ffs; vd;why; vd;d?

Ø  epYitapy; cs;s gq;fhjhaj;ijg; ngw Kd;Dhpik ngw;wJ FtpT Kd;Dhpik gq;fhFk;.

Ø  epWkk; Nghjpa ,yhgk; <l;l tpy;iynadpy; me;j Mz;bd; gq;fhjhak;> toq;fhky; epYitapy; ,Uf;Fk;.

Ø  gpd;dh; ,yhgk; <l;Lk; Mz;Lfspy; ,t;tifg; gq;if itj;jpUg;gth;fSf;F epYitapYs;s gq;fhjhaj;ij Kjypy; nrYj;jpa gpd;dNu kw;w gq;Feh;fSf;F gq;fhjhak; toq;fg;gLk;.

12. ePbj;j tho;T vd;why; ePtPu; mwptJ ahJ?

     epWk cWg;gpdh;fspy; Vw;gLk; khw;wk;>kuzk;> nehbg;Gepiy Nghd;w fhuzj;jhy; epWkk; vt;tpjj;jpYk; ghjpf;fhky; epbj;j tho;Tld; nray;gLk;.

xU epWkj;jpw;F gy egh;fs;> cWg;gpduhf tuyhk; my;yJ cWg;gpdh; epiyia tpl;Lr; nry;yyhk;. Mdhy; epWkk; vg;nghOJk; ,aq;ff; $ba xU mikg;G MFk;.

13. kPs;jF fldPl;Lg; gj;jpuk; vd;why; vd;d?

     epWkk; tpUk;Gk; NghJ my;yJ Fwpg;gpl;l fhyf; nfLtpw;Fg; gpwNfh jhd; ntspapl;l  fldPl;Lg; gj;jpuq;fis epWkk; kPl;Lf; nfhs;sf; $bajhf ,Ug;gpd; mit kPs;jF fldPl;Lg; gj;jpukhFk;.

14. gq;Ffs; tl;lj;jpy; ntspapLjy; vd;why; vd;d?

     Kf kjpg;G tpiyia tpl ntspaPl;L tpiy Fiwthf ,Ue;jhy;  mJ tl;lj;jpy; ntspapLjy; MFk;. js;SgbahdJ gq;fpd; Kfkjpg;gpy; 10% f;F kpff; $lhJ.

vfh.  100 &gha; Kfkjpg;Gila gq;Ffis &.90 ntspapl;lhy; &.10 tl;lkhFk;.

15. kPs;jF Kd;Dhpikg; gq;Ffs; vd;why; vd;d?

     gq;Ffis Fwpg;gpl;l fhyf; nfLtpw;F gpd; my;yJ ntspaPl;L epge;jidfSf;F Vw;g epWkk; jpUk;gg; ngw;Wf; nfhz;lhy; mJ kPs;jF Kd;Dhpikg; gq;Ffs; MFk;.

     gq;Ffisj; jpUk;g ngWk; nghOJ gq;FfSf;F chpa gzj;ij> gq;if itj;jpUe;jtUf;F epWkk; nfhLj;J tpl Ntz;Lk;.

     epWkr; nray; Kiw tpjpfs; mjpfhuk; toq;fpapUe;jhy; xU epWkk; ,t;tif gq;Ffis ntspaplyhk;.

16. may;ehl;L epWkk; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?

     ,e;jpahtpw;F mg;ghy; gjpT nra;ag;gl;L>  ,e;jpahtpy; njhopyplk; cs;s  epWkk; may;ehl;L epWkk; vdg;gLk;.

     ,e;jpahtpy; cs;s Kjd;ik mYtyfk;> gjpT mYtyfk; cs;s ,lk; kw;Wk; ,af;Feh; gl;bay; Nghd;wtw;iw  ngWtjw;F,e;jpahtpy; ,Ug;gtu;fspd;; ngah;fs;> Kfthp Mfpatw;iw chpa mjpfhhpfsplk; xg;gilj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.

17. Kd; $l;b nrYj;jg;ngw;w miog;Gg; gzk; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?

     epWkk; miog;Gg; gzj;ijf; Nfl;Fk; Kd;dNu gq;Ffs; kpJ nrYj;jg;glhky; ,Uf;Fk; njhif KOtijANkh my;yJ xU gFjpia kl;LNkh xUth;; jhNd Kd; te;J nrYj;jyhk;. ,t;thW nrYj;Jk; njhif Kd;$l;br; nrYj;jg;ngw;w miog;Gg; gzk; MFk;.

gFjp  - ,   (8 Marks)

1.xg;GWjp epWkk; Fwpj;J Fwpg;G tiuf?

1. xg;GWjp epWkk;:

epWkj;ijf; fiyf;Fk;; NghJ my;yJ flidj; jPh;f;Fk; NghJ NghJkhd nrhj;Jf;fs; ,y;iynadpy;> jhNd Kd; te;J jUtjhf cWjp mspj;Js;s njhif mstpw;F kl;Lk;> gq;Fehpd; nghWg;G ve;j  epWkj;jpy; tiuaWf;fg;gl;Ls;sNjh me;j epWkNk xg;GWjp epWkk; MFk;.

2.KjYk; nghWg;Gk;:

,e;epWkk; gq;F KjYld; ,aq;fyhk; (m) gq;F Kjy; ,d;wpAk; ,aq;fyhk;. gq;F Kjy; ngw;wpUf;Fk; epWkj;jpd; nghWg;ghdJ gpd; tUkhW.

1.gq;Ffs; kPJ nrYj;jg; ngwhky; ,Uf;Fk; njhifAk;

2.jhd; jUtjhf xg;GWjp mspj;j njhifAk; nghWg;ghf mikAk;.

3.Nehf;fk;:

,J ,yhg Nehf;Fld; nray;gLtjpy;iy. mwptpay; Nkk;ghL> fiy> tpisahl;L> mwk; tsh;f;Fk; Nehf;fj;jpw;fhf ,t;tif epWkk; Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.

4.epjp jpul;ly;:

cWg;gpdh;fsplkpUe;J ngWk; re;jh> jhshsh;fsplkpUe;J ngWk; ed;nfhil> cjtpj;njhif  Nghd;wtw;wpd; %yk; ,t;tif epWkk; epjp jpul;LfpwJ.

2. gpbg;G Jiz epWkq;fs; gw;wp tpsf;Ff?

      1. xU epWkk; NtnwhU epWkj;jpd; Neh;ikg; gq;F Kjypy; 50% f;F  Nky;   itj;jpUj;jy;>

 2. xU epWkk; NtnwhU epWkj;jpy; cs;s thf;Ffspy; 50% f;F Nkyhf thf;Ffisr; nrYj;Jk; epiyapy;; ,Ue;jhy;>

 3. xU epWkk; NtnwhU epWkj;jpd; midj;J ,af;Feh;fis (m) ngUk;ghz;ik ,af;Feh;fis epakpf;Fk; (m) ePf;Fk; epiyapy; ,Ue;jhy; me;epWkk; gpbg;G epWkkhFk;.

v  ,t;thW fl;Lg;gLjg;gLk; NtnwhU epWkk;  Jiz epWkk; vdg;gLk;.

3. $l;LUthf;fr; rhd;wpjo; ngWtjw;Fj; jhf;fy; nra;a Ntz;ba Mtzq;fs; gw;wp RUf;fpf; $Wf?

1. mikg;G KiwNaL:

,jpy;  epWkj;jpd; nray;ghl;L vy;iyfisAk;> Nehf;fq;fisAk; gw;wp $wg;gl;bUf;Fk;.,e;j Mtzj;jpy; epWkj;jpd; ngau;> ,lk;> Nehf;fk;> gjpT mYtyfk;> nghWg;G> kw;Wk; Kjy; gw;wpa jfty;fs; $wg;gl;bUf;Fk;.

2. nray;Kiw tpjpfs;:

,J epWkj;jpd; cs; Nkyhz;ikf;Fj; Njitahd Mf;fr; nray;ghL Fwpj;j tpjpKiwfisAk;> xOq;FKiwfisAk; cs;slf;fpapUf;Fk;.

3. ngaUf;fhd xg;Gjy; kly;:

epWkg; ngaUf;fhf epWkg; gjpthsuplk; ngw;w ngaUf;fhd xg;Gjy; klypd; mry;.

4. ,af;Feu; gl;bay;:

epWkj;jpy;>  ,af;Feuhf nray;gl ,ire;Js;stu;fspd; gl;bay;.

5. ,af;Feu;fspd; vOj;J %ykhd ,irTf; fbjk;:

,af;Feu;fshf ,Uf;f xg;Gf; nfhz;ltu;fspd; vOj;J %ykhd ,irTf; fbjk;.

6 epWkj;jpd; gjpT mYtyfk; mike;Js;s ,lj;jpd; Kftup gw;wp njhptpf;f Ntz;Lk;.

7. rl;lKiw cWjpg; gpuflzk;:

rl;l Kiw tpjpfs; midj;ijAk; gpd;gw;wg;gl;L tpl;ld vd;gjw;fhd cau; ePjpkwd;w tof;fwpQu;fs; (m) epWkj; jzpf;ifahsu; ifnahg;gk; ,;l;l cWjpnkhop gj;jpuk;.

4. mikg;G KiwNaL vd;why; vd;d? mjpy; mlq;fpAs;s nghUslf;fq;fs; ahit?

mikg;G KiwNaL:

epWkk; jahhpf;f Ntz;ba ,d;wpaikahj gj;jpuq;fSs; mikg;G KiwNaL  xU Kjd;ik rpwg;G tha;e;j MtzkhFk;. 

epWkr; nray;ghl;L vy;iyfisAk;> Nehf;fq;fisAk; tiuaWj;Jf; $wg;gl;bUf;Fk;> Mtzk; mikg;G KiwNalhFk;.

mikg;G KiwNal;bd; cs;slf;fq;fs;:

1. ngah; Fwpj;j cl;gphpT:

epWkj;jpd; ngah; ,jpy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;bUf;Fk;.

2. ,lq;Fwpj;j cl;gphpT:

,g;gphptpy; epWkj;jpd; gjpT mYtyfk; mike;Js;s khepyj;jpd; ngaiuf; Fwpg;gpl Ntz;Lk;.

3. Nehf;fk; Fwpj;j cl;gphpT:

epWkk; <Lglf;$ba eltbf;iffisg; gw;wp ,jpy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;bUf;Fk;. ,jpy; Fwpg;gplhj vr;nraypYk; epWkk; <Lglf;$lhJ. epWkj;jpd; mjpfgl;r nray;ghl;il ,g;gpupT jPu;khdpf;fpwJ.

4. nghWg;G Fwpj;j cl;gphpT

,q;F cWg;gpdu;fspd; nghWg;G tiuaWf;fg;gl;ljhf $wg;gl;bUf;Fk;.  xg;GWjp  epWkkhf ,Ue;jhy; gq;Fehpd; xg;GWjpj; njhif ,q;F Fwpg;gplg;gLk;.

5.  Kjy; Fwpj;j cl;gphpT:

vt;tifahd gq;F KjYld; epWkk; gjpT nra;ag;gLfpwJ vd;w tptuk; njhptpf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;. Kjy; njhif vt;tsT  kjpg;Gila gq;Ffshfg; gphpf;fg;gl;Ls;s tptuKk; ,q;Ff; nfhLf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;.

6. cld;gl xg;Gk; cl;gphpT:

; xd;wpize;J epWkkhf mikj;Jf; nfhs;Sk; tpUg;gj;ij  ,q;F ntspapLfpd;wdh;.

jdp epWkkhf ,Ue;jhy; Fiwe;jJ ,U egh;fSk;> nghJ epWkkhf ,Ue;jhy;  Fiwe;jjJ VO NgUk; jq;fs; ngah;fSf;F vjpNu Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s gq;Ffis thq;fpf; nfhs;s cld;gl;Lf; ifnahg;gk; ,Lfpd;wdh;.

5. kPs;jF Kd;Dupikg; gq;Ffs; gw;wp tpsf;fpf; $Wf?

tpsf;fk; :

gq;Ffis Fwpg;gpl;l fhyf;nfLtpw;F gpd; my;yJ ntspaPl;L epge;jidfSf;F Vw;g epWkk; jpUk;gg;ngw;Wf; nfhz;lhy; mJ kPs;jF Kd;Dupikg; gq;Ffs; vdg;gLk;.

epWkr; nray; Kiw tpjpfs; mjpfhuk; toq;fpapUe;jhy; kl;LNk xU epWkk; kPs;jF Kd;Dupikg; gq;if ntspaplKbAk;.

gzj;;ij jpUg;gpj; jUjy; :

gq;Ffis epWkk; jpUk;gg; ngWk;nghOJ gq;Ff;Fupa njhifia gq;if itj;jpUe;jtUf;F nfhLj;J tpl Ntz;Lk;.,jw;fhf ,yhgj;jpypUe;Njh (m) Gjpa gq;Ffs; ntspapl;L ngw;w  gzj;jpypUe;Njh nrYj;j Ntz;Lk;.

gq;if kPl;Fk; Kiw:

     kPs;jF Kd;Dupikg; gq;Ffs;> KOtJk; nrYj;jg; ngw;wjhf ,Ue;jhy; kl;LNk epWkk; mg;gq;Ffis kPl;f KbAk;.

gq;Ffs; ntspg;gLk; nghONj kPs;jF gq;Ffshf ntspaplg;gl;bUf;f Ntz;Lk;. jw;nghOJs;s Kd;Dhpikg; gq;Ffis vf;fhuzk; nfhz;Lk; kPs;jF gq;Ffshf khw;w KbahJ.

6. KiwNflhd xJf;fPL Fwpj;J Fwpg;G tiuf?

fPo;fz;l epiyfspy; xJf;fPL nra;jhy; mJ  KiwNflhd xJf;fPL vdf; fUjg;gLk;.

1. gq;fpd; Kfkjpg;gpy;  Fiwe;jJ 5% mstpw;F tpz;zg;gg; gzk; ngwhky; gq;Ffis   xJf;fPL nra;jy;.

2. gq;F tpz;zg;gg; gzj;ij ml;ltiz tq;fpapy; Nghl;L itj;jpUf;fhky; xJf;fPL nra;jy;.

3. jftywpf;if ntspapl;l 90 ehl;fSf;Fs; Fiwe;jsT gq;nfLg;G ngwhky; gq;Ffis xJf;fPL nra;jy;.

4. jdp Vw;ghl;bd; %yk; gq;F Kjiyj; jpul;Lk; NghJ xU epWkk;; jftywpf;ifia  ntspaplhJ.      mg;NghJ  jftywpf;iff;F khw;wwpf;ifxd;iwg; gjpthshplk; jhf;fy; nra;a Ntz;Lk;. ,t;twpf;ifia jhf;fy; nra;ahkNyNa nra;ag;gLk; xJf;fPL Kiw Nflhd xJf;fPl;lhf fUjg;gLk;.

7.gq;Ffis xWg;gpog;G nra;a Kf;fpa epge;jidfs; ahit?

   gq;F xWg;gpog;G nra;a xU epWkk; fPo;fz;l epge;jidfis epiwNtw;w Ntz;Lk;:

1.   gq;Ffis xWg;gpog;G nra;Ak; mjpfhuj;ij epWkj;jpw;F epWkr; nray;Kiw tpjpfs; toq;fpapUf;f Ntz;Lk;.

2.   miog;Gg; gzk; nrYj;jj; jtwpajhy; kl;LNk gq;Ffisg; gwpKjy; nra;a Ntz;Lk;.

3.   gq;Feh;fsplkpUe;J ngw Ntz;b cs;s NtW vf;fld; epYitf;fhfTk;> gq;Ffis xWg;gpog;G nra;af;$lhJ.

4.   miog;Gg; gzj;ijr; nrYj;JkhW> gzk; nrYj;jj; jtwpa cWg;gpdh;fSf;F Fiwe;jJ 14 ehl;fSf;F Kd;djhf mwpf;if ju Ntz;Lk;. kPz;Lk; miog;Gg; gzk; nryj;jhky; ,Ue;jhy;  mth; itj;Js;s gq;Ffs; kW mwptpg;gpd;wp gwpKjy; nra;ag;gLk; vd;W  mt;twpf;ifapy; njspthf Rl;bf; fhl;lg;gl;bUf;f Ntz;Lk;.

5.   gq;Ffis xWg;gpog;G nra;a ,af;Feh; mit jPhkhdk; epiwNtw;wpapUf;f  Ntz;Lk;.

8. gq;Ffis tl;lj;jpy; ntspapl rpy epge;jidfis tpsf;Ff?

1.   cah;e;jsT js;Sgb tPjk; gq;fpd;; Kfkjpg;gpy; 10 % kpff; $lhJ.

2.   ika muR mDkjpj;j ehspypUe;J ,U khjq;fSf;Fs; gq;Ffis tl;lj;jpy; ntspapl Ntz;Lk;.

3.   njhopy; njhlq;f chpik fpilj;j ehspypUe;J Fiwe;jJ Xuhz;lhtJ nrd;wpUf;f Ntz;Lk;.

4.   xU epWkk; Kd;dNu ntspapl;l gq;F tifiaj; jhd;kPz;Lk; tl;lj;jpy; ntspapl Ntz;Lk;. Kjd; Kjypy; ntspapLk; nghONj xU epWkk; jd; gq;Ffis tl;lj;jpy; ntspaplf; $lhJ.

5.   $Ljy; Kjy; jpul;l kWgbAk; mNj tifg; gq;Ffis ntspapLk; NghJ tl;lj;jpy; ntspaplyhk;.

6.   rhjhuz jPh;khdj;jpd; %yk; gq;Ffis tl;lj;jpy; ntspapl mjpfhukpUf;f Ntz;Lk;.

gFjp <

1.epWkj;jpw;Fk;> $l;lhz;ikf;Fk; cs;s NtWghLfs; ahit?

t. vz;	nghUs;	$l;lhz;ik	$l;Lg; gq;F epWkk;
1	rl;lk;	,e;jpaf;  $l;lhz;ikr; rl;lk; 1932 d;gb $l;lhz;ik fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ.	,e;jpa epWkr; rl;lk; 1956d; gb epWkq;fs; fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ.
2.	gjpT nra;jy;	$l;lhz;ik gjpT fl;lhakpy;iy. $l;lhspfs; tpUk;gpdhy; gjpT nra;ayhk;.	epWkq;fis fl;lhak; gjpTnra;a Ntz;Lk;.
3	Fiwe;j cWg;gpdh; vz;zpf;if	Fiwe;jgl;rkhf 2 egu;fs;.	Fiwe;jgl;rkhf jdpepWkj;jpy; 2 egu;fs; nghJepWkj;jpy; 7 egu;fs;
4.	mjpfgl;r cWg;gpdu;fs; vz;zpf;if	tq;fpj; njhopy; 10 egu;fs; gpw njhopy; 20 egu;fs;	jdp epWkj;jpy; 50 egu;fs; nghJ epWkj;jpy; tiuaiwapy;iy.
5.	jdpahs; jd;ik	jdpahs; jd;ik ,y;iy.($l;lhz;ikAk;> $l;lhspAk; xd;whff; fUjg;gLk;.)	jdpahs; jd;ik cz;L. (cWg;gpdh;fsplkpUe;J epWkk; jdpj;J ,aq;FfpwJ.)
6.	nghWg;G	tiuawhf; $l;L kw;Wk; jdpg; nghWg;ghFk;	tiuaW nghWg;ghFk;. nrYj;jg; ngwhj gq;Fj; njhif mstpw;F nghWg;Gfs; tiuaWf;fg; gl;bUf;Fk;.
7.	gq;F khw;wk;	xUthpd; chpikia> khw;w $l;lhspapd; mDkjpapd;wp ahUf;Fk; khw;wpj;ju ,ayhJ.	nghJ tiuaW epWkk; gq;F fis jilapd;wp khw;wpf; nfhLf;fyhk;. jdp tiuaW epWkj;jpy; gq;Ffis khw;w KbahJ.
8.	Nkyhz;ik	midj;Jf; $l;lhspfSNkh (m) midtupd; rhh;ghf xU rpyNuh Nkyhz;ik nra;ayhk;.	,af;Feh;fshy; Nkyhz;ik nra;ag;gLfpwJ.
9.	ePbj;j tho;T	$l;lhsp xUthpd; ,wg;G> kdepiy ghjpg;G> nehbg;G epiy Nghd;wtw;why; ePbj;j tho;T ,y;iy.	cWg;gpdhpd;  kdepiy ghjpg;G nehbg;G epiy> ,wg;G Nghd;wtw;why; epWkk; fiyf;fg;glhJ. ,J ePbj;j tho;T ngw;wJ.
10.	rl;lr; rpf;fy;fs;	$l;lhz;ikiaj; njhlq;FtJk; fiyg;gJk; vspJ. rl;lr; rpf;fy; ,y;iy.	epWkj;ij njhlq;FtJ cs;gl fiyg;gJtiu rl;lr; rpf;fy;fs; mjpfk;.
11.	epjp Mjhuk;	$l;lhspfspd; Kjy; njhifAk;> jpul;lf;$ba fld; njhifAk; mjpfkhf ,Uf;fhJ.	mjpf Kjy; jpul;lTk; mjpfk; fld; ngWk; jpwDk; epWkj;jpw;F cz;L.
12.	cWg;gpduhFjy;	jdpegh; kl;LNk cWg;gpduhf KbAk;.	epWknkhd;wpy; xU epWtdk; $l gq;Ffis thq;fp cWg;gpduhf KbAk;
13.	jd;ik	xU njhopypy; Vw;gLk; ,yhg el;lj;ijg; gq;fpl;Lf; nfhs;s xg;Gf; nfhz;l egu;fspilNa epyTk; cwT  Kiw $l;lhz;ikahFk;.	epWkk;> rl;lj;jhy; cUthf;fg; gl;l nraw;if egh;.
14.	Kfth; nray;ghL	$l;lhz;ikapy; xt;nthU $l;lhspAk; kw;w $l;lhspf;fhf Kftuhf gzpahw;w KbAk;.	epWkk; gq;Fjhuh;fSf;fhfNt gq;Fjhuh; epWkj;jpw;F Kftuhfr; nray;gl KbahJ.
15.	jzpf;if	fl;lhak; ,y;iy	Mz;LNjhWk; epWkf; fzf;Ffis fl;lhak; jzpf;if nra;ag;;gl Ntz;Lk;.
16.	fiyg;G	$l;lhz;ik epWtdj;ij vg;nghOJ Ntz;LkhdhYk; vspjhff; fiyf;fyhk;	rl;lj;jpd; cjtpAld;; jhd; epWkj;ij fiyf;f KbAk;.

2.jdp tiuaW epWkj;jpw;F fpilf;Fk; rYifffis tpsf;fpLf.

jdptiuaW epWkj;jpw;F toq;fg;gLk; rYif:

1.   jdp tiuaW epWkk; xd;iw ,U egu;fSld; cUthf;fk; nra;J nfhs;s KbAk;. xNu tpj fUj;Jila gyiuj; Njl Ntz;bajpy;iy.

2.   $l;LUthf;fr; rhd;wpjo; ngw;wTld; jdp tiuaW epWkkhdJ njhopiyj; njhlq;f KbAk;. njhopy; njhlf;fr; rhd;wpjo; ngwj; Njitapy;iy.

3.   gq;FKjiyj; jpul;l jdp epWkk; jtywpf;ifia ntspaplj; Njitapy;iy. ,jdhy;  gq;FKjy; jpul;Lk; nryT  FiwfpwJ.

4.   Fiwe;jsT gq;nfLg;G ngw;w gpwFjhd; gq;Ffis xJf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w tpjpapypUe;J jdp tiuaW epWkj;jpw;F tpyf;F jug;gl;Ls;sJ.

5.   nghJ tiuaW epWkk; fl;lhak; $l;;l Ntz;ba rl;l Kiwf; $l;lj;ijj; jdp tiuaW epWkk; $l;l Ntz;bajpy;iy.

6.   kPz;Lk; Kjy; jpul;l gq;F ntspapLk; nghOJ jw;nghOJs;s gq;Feu;fl;F gq;Ffs; xJf;fg;gl;l gpd;dNu Gjpa gq;Feu;fl;Fg; gq;Ffs; xJf;fg;gl Ntz;Lnkd;w epge;jid jdp tiuaW epWkj;jpw;Fg; nghUe;jhJ.

7.   jdp tiuaW epWkk; ,U ,af;Feu;fSld; nray;gl KbAk;.

8.   jdp tiuaW epWkj;jpd; ,af;Feu;fs;> me;epWkj;jpy; jhq;fs; ,af;Feu;fshfr; nray;gl tpUk;Gtjw;fhd vOj;J %ykhd ,irit epWkg; gjpthsuplk; jhf;fy; nra;a Ntz;bajpy;iy.

9.   ,af;Feu;fs; Fwpg;gpl;l msT jFjpg; gq;Ffis itj;jpUg;gjw;fhd cWjpnkhopiaj; jdp epWkk; ju Ntz;bajpy;iy.

10.  jdp tiuaW epWkk; xd;wpd; Mz;Lg; nghJf;$l;lj;jpy;> ,af;Feu;fis  xNu jPu;khdj;jpd; %yk; epakpff;g;gl Ntz;Lk;.

11.  ,af;Feu;fs; Roy; Kiwapy; gjtp tpyfj; Njitapy;iy

12.  xU egu; vj;jid  jdp tiuaW epWkq;fspYk; ,af;Feu;fshfr; nray;gl KbAk;.

13.  nghJ tiuaW epWkj;jpy; toq;ff; $ba Nkyhz;ik Cjpaj;jpw;F cr;r tuk;G ,Uf;fpwJ. Mdhy; jdp tiuaW epWkj;jpw;F cr;r tuk;G VJkpy;iy.

14.  nghJ epWkk; jdJ cWg;gpdu;fspd; ngau;fs;> Kftupfs; mlq;fpa ml;ltizia itj;jpUg;gJ fl;lhak;. ,j;jifa fl;Lg;ghL jdp tiuaW epWkj;jpw;Fg; nghUe;jhJ.

9. gq;FfSf;Fk; fldPl;Lg; gj;jpuq;fSf;Fk; cs;s NtWghLfis tptup?

t. vz;	NtWghl;L mbg;gil	gq;Ffs; (gq;Feh;fs;)	fldPl;Lg; gj;jpuk;
1.	nghUs;	xU epWk gq;F Kjypd; xU rpW $W gq;fhFk;	flid cWjpg;gLj;Jk; rhd;W fldPl;Lg; gj;jpukhFk;.
2.	,yhgj;ij toq;Fjy;	NghJkhd ,yhgk; <l;bdhy; kl;LNk gq;fhjhak; toq;fg;gLk;	,yhg el;lj;ij fUjhky; fldPl;L gj;jpuj;jpd; kPJ tl;b toq;fg;gLfpwJ.
3.	cwT	epWkj;jpd; chpikahshh;	epWkj;jpd; fldhshh;
4	,yhgj;jpd; msT	Kd;Dhpikg; gq;FfSf;F epiyahd tpfpjj;jpYk;>Neh;ikg; gq;FfSf;F  ,yhgj;jpw;Nfw;gTk; gq;fhjhak; toq;fg;gLfpwJ.	,yhgj;jpd; msitnahl;b tl;btPjk; khwhJ. tl;b epiyahdJ MFk;
5.	,af;Feh; xg;Gjy;	,yhgk; <l;bapUe;jhYk; Mz;Lg; nghJf;$l;lj;jpy; ,af;Feuitj;; jPh;khdk; %yNk  gq;fhjhak; toq;fg;gLk;.	tl;b nryj;Jtjw;F vtUila xg;GjYk; Ntz;ba jpy;iy.
6.	,yhgg; gfph;T	gq;fhjhak; - ,yhgg; gfph;thFk;	tl;b - ,yhgj;jpd; kPjhd nrythFk;.
7	nghWg;G	gq;Fehpd;; nghWg;G jhd; itj;Js;s gq;F kPJ nrYj;jg; ngwhjpUf;Fk; njhifasNt ,Uf;Fk;.	nghWg;G VJk; ,y;iy.
8.	tl;lj;jpy; ntspapLjy;	epWkr; rl;lj;jpy; cs;s rpy epge;jidf;F cl;gl;L; gq;Ffis tl;lj;jpy; ntspaplyhk;.	fldPl;Lg;gj;jpuq;fis tl;lj;jpy; ntspapl epge;jidfs; VJk; ,y;iy.
9.	nrhj;Jf;fs; kPJ gpizak;	epWkr; nrhj;Jf;fs; kPJ gq;Feh; fSf;F gpizak; VJk; ,y;iy.	fldPl;Lg; gj;jpuq;fs; nrhj;Jf; fisg; gpizakhfg; ngw;wpUf;Fk;.
10	gq;Fj; njhif jpUg;gpj;juy;	kPs;jF Kd;Dhpikg; gq;Ffisj; jtpu gpw gq;Ffis  epWkk; kPl;fhJ.	Fwpg;gpl;l ehspy; (m)  epWkk; tpUk;Gk; NghJ fldPl;Lg; gj;jpuq;fis kPl;Lf; nfhs;Sk;;.
11	$l;lj;jpy; fye;Jnfhs;Sk; chpik	epWk cWg;gpdh;fs; vd;w Kiwapy; epWkf; $l;lq;fspy; fye;J nfhs;s gq;Feu;fSf;F chpik cz;L.	,th;fs; fldhsh;fs; vd;gjhy; epWkf; $l;lq;fspy; fye;J nfhs;s KbahJ.
12.	thf;F mspf;Fk; chpik	chpikahsh; vd;gjhy; thf;fspf;Fk; chpik cz;L.	fldhsh; vd;gjhy; thf;fspf;f KbahJ.
13.	%yjdj;ij jpUk;gg; ngWjy;	epWkj;ijf; fiyf;Fk; nghOJ fldPl;Lg; gj;jpujhsu;fspd; flid milj;j gpwNf gq;FeUf;F Kjiyj; jpUk;gj; jug;gLk;	jq;fSf;Fr; Nru Ntz;ba njhifia ngWtjpy; gq;Feu;fis tpl Kd;Dupik ngw;Ws;sdu;.